Ciklobikeby DarwinAI
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Sources

Sources and data verification

Every dimension in Ciklobike comes from research. Across 6 research areas we collected data on 79 components from 239 sources and, where possible, checked them against an independent source.

Confidence levels

  • High: manufacturer document or standard.
  • Medium: reputable secondary source (trade press, retailer, service guide).
  • Low: reasoned estimate where no data is published; marked as such in the emulator.

Research areas

  • Cockpit, seat and contact points

    Drop bar, bar tape, stem, headset, seatpost with the Di2 battery, seat clamp, saddle, pedals, cleats and the dummy’s shoes.

    cockpit-contact-points.json · 60 sources · independently verified

  • Cyclocross frame geometry

    Size charts of nine pro cyclocross frames; the Ciklobike CX-R geometry is averaged from them, with closure checks and UCI rules.

    cx-frame-geometry.json · 30 sources · independently verified

  • Crash-test dummy and bike fit

    Hybrid III dummy dimensions and body segments, bike-fit rules and pedalling biomechanics.

    dummy-bikefit-biomech.json · 21 sources · independently verified

  • Shimano GRX Di2 drivetrain

    Derailleurs, shift-brake levers, battery and wires, cranksets, bottom brackets, cassettes, chain, calipers, rotors and pedals.

    grx-di2-drivetrain.json · 40 sources · independently verified

  • Emulator physics, Di2 logic, hydraulics

    Chain and tooth form, derailleur chain path, shifting logic, brake hydraulics, freehub, ride resistance and sound synthesis.

    physics-di2-hydraulics.json · 30 sources

  • Wheels and tyres

    Rims, hubs and freehubs, spokes, nipples, 700×33 UCI tyres and tread patterns, valves, thru-axles.

    wheels-tyres.json · 58 sources · independently verified

References by area

Cockpit, seat and contact points

  1. bettershifting.com/internal-seatpost-di2-battery-installation-guide
  2. bike-components.de/en/Thomson/Elite-Seatpost-p31208
  3. bike-components.de/en/Zipp/Service-Course-Carbon-Seatpost-p80093
  4. bike.shimano.com/en-EU/product/component/ultegra-r8100/BT-DN300.html
  5. bike.shimano.com/en-US/product/component/xtr-m9100/PD-M9100.html
  6. bikepacking.com/gear/zipp-service-course-70-xplr-handlebar
  7. bikerumor.com/2019/09/04/zipp-goes-in-search-of-a-better-flared-dropbar…
  8. bikerumor.com/product/lizard-skins-dsp-bar-tape
  9. eastoncycling.com/products/ec70-ax-bar
  10. en.brujulabike.com/canyon-inflite-cf-slx-2024-in-detail
  11. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_pedal
  12. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_saddle
  13. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimano_Pedaling_Dynamics
  14. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoe_size
  15. escapecollective.com/uci-confirms-handlebar-rules-and-bans-some-aero-he…
  16. escapecollective.com/uci-starts-lever-angle-checks-at-tdu-opener
  17. pellp-pellparkerltd.dc02.gob2b.com/Catalogue/Components/Steering/Headse…
  18. pro-bikegear.com/cdn/shop/files/PRO_Bikegear_MY27_specsanddimensions.pdf
  19. racycles.com/collections/bike-computer-mounts-accessories/products/f3-f…
  20. ritcheylogic.com/bike/headsets/wcs-integrated-is-lower-headset
  21. road.cc/content/review/254200-ritchey-wcs-streem-handlebar
  22. shop.tunecycles.com.au/shimano-bt-dn110-a-di2-internal-battery
  23. shop.tunecycles.com.au/shimano-bt-dn300-di2-internal-battery-12-speed
  24. shop.tunecycles.com.au/shimano-grx-st-rx825-l-br-rx820-di2-left-shift-b…
  25. uniorusa.com/blogs/tech-tips/headset-standards-explained-shis-chart
  26. velo-orange.com/pages/drop-handlebar-selection
  27. westbrookcycles.co.uk/service_course_sl_70_xplr_drop_handlebars-8971
  28. alpecincycling.com/en/?p=99298
  29. bike-components.de/en/Acros/IS42-IS52-Headset-Bearing-Set-p212150
  30. bike-components.de/en/Cane-Creek/40-Series-IS42-28-6-IS52-40-Tapered-He…
  31. bike-components.de/en/Ritchey/WCS-C220-31-8-Stem-p53388
  32. bikeforums.net/7697019-post9.html
  33. bikeforums.net/road-cycling/919227-minimum-seatpost-insertion.html
  34. competitivecyclist.com/bulletin/seatpost-and-dropper-post-compatibility…
  35. excelsports.com/pro-vibe-stem
  36. excelsports.com/ritchey-wcs-streem-handlebar
  37. fizik.com/eu_en/antares-versus-evo-00-adaptive.html
  38. fizik.com/eu_en/vento-antares-r1.html
  39. fizik.com/eu_en/vento-argo-r1.html
  40. fizik.com/eu_en/vento-microtex-tacky.html
  41. jitsie.com/product/star-nut-1-1-8
  42. modernbike.com/ritchey-wcs-c220-73d-stem-100mm----17-31.8-1-1-8-blatte
  43. mtbiker.shop/shop/components/ritchey-comp-cartridge-lower-integrated-he…
  44. parktool.com/blog/repair-help/handlebar-tape-installation-drop-bars
  45. parktool.com/en-us/blog/repair-help/pedal-installation-and-removal
  46. performancebike.com/lizard-skins-dsp-bar-tape-v2-jet-black-1.8mm-thickn…
  47. performancebike.com/specialized-bearings-headsets-spacers-parts/c16778?…
  48. performancebike.com/supacaz-super-sticky-kush-handlebar-tape-white-bt-0…
  49. performancebike.com/zipp-service-course-sl-carbon-seatpost-matte-black-…
  50. pro-bikegear.com/global/road/handlebars/vibe-alloy-handlebar-compact
  51. rosebikes.com/p/shimano-bt-dn300-li-ion-battery-di2-12-speed-integrated…
  52. selleitalia.com/flite-boost-kit-carbonio-superflow
  53. selleitalia.com/slr-boost-kit-carbonio-superflow
  54. thehangerbikeco.co.za/products/muc-off-disco-bar-end-plugs
  55. traffic-distribution.com/en_US/products/jrc-alloy-handlebar-end-plugs
  56. treefortbikes.com/Wheels-MFG-Pro-StackRight-Headset-Spacer-Kit-Green
  57. treefortbikes.com/Wolf-Tooth-Alloy-Bar-End-Plugs
  58. uci.org/pressrelease/uci-statement-on-its-recent-decisions-regarding-ch…
  59. whiteind.com/product/headset-star-nut
  60. whiteind.com/product/is42-is52

Cyclocross frame geometry

  1. bicyclewarehouse.com/pages/specialized-crux-geometry
  2. bikeinsights.com/bikes/5afb38a54cb7640014ce4585-trek-bikes-boone
  3. bikeinsights.com/bikes/5b48fe8a73697a00140370d7-cannondale-bikes-superx…
  4. bikeinsights.com/bikes/5b4e432451df27001407869f-specialized-bicycles-cr…
  5. bikeinsights.com/bikes/639803dee61509001cbcc27a-pinarello-crossista-f
  6. bikeinsights.com/bikes/65c6501a6d4fb6001cc156cf-ridley-bikes-x-night-rs
  7. cdn.road.cc/content/tech-news/canyon-updates-inflite-cyclocross-bike-27…
  8. cyclingbc.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Cyclocross-Rules-2024-2025-Ful…
  9. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_and_motorcycle_geometry
  10. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottom_bracket
  11. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclo-cross_bicycle
  12. media-centre.canyon.com/en-INT/230065-the-new-benchmark-in-cyclocross-c…
  13. nuxx.net/files/bicycle/shimano/2019-Shimano-Disc-Brake-Standards.pdf
  14. pinarello.com/uk/en/bikes/road/competition/crossista/crossista-ultegra-…
  15. pyoraily.fi/wp-content/uploads/Clarification_Guide_of_the_UCI_Technical…
  16. stevensbikes.de/2022/en/hu/road/cyclocross/super-prestige-di2
  17. support.canecreek.com/support/solutions/articles/62000204945-what-size-…
  18. wheelsmfg.com/pages/bb-standards
  19. bike-components.de/en/Shimano/SM-AX720-12-mm-Thru-Axle-p51461
  20. canyon.com/en-at/road-bikes/cyclocross-bikes/inflite/cfr/inflite-cfr/38…
  21. canyon.com/en-mx/road-bikes/cyclocross-bikes/inflite/cf-slx/inflite-cf-…
  22. cervelo.com/en-US/bikes/r5-cx
  23. cxmagazine.com/ridden-reviewed-new-2022-trek-boone-6-disc-cyclocross-bi…
  24. dunbarcycles.com/cane-creek-40-series-complete-headsets.html
  25. giant-bicycles.com/us/tcx-advanced-pro-1-2024
  26. mtbdirect.com.au/products/cane-creek-hellbender-lite-headset-bearing-34…
  27. parktool.com/en-us/blog/repair-help/headset-standards
  28. ridley-bikes.com/support/folders/63000157885/article/63000261429
  29. trekbikes.com/us/en-US/p/17466
  30. whiteind.com/?p=6841

Crash-test dummy and bike fit

  1. cdn.euroncap.com/cars/assets/CP_103_Hybrid_III_5th_Specification_and_Ce…
  2. cdn.euroncap.com/media/88535/cp-105-hybrid-iii-95th-specification-and-c…
  3. doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(95)00178-6
  4. doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318245c09d
  5. doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1988.9.8.273
  6. ebm.ufabc.edu.br/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Leva-1996.pdf
  7. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadence_(cycling)
  8. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crash_test_dummy
  9. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclo-cross
  10. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11474339
  11. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21615188
  12. static.nhtsa.gov/nhtsa/downloads/THOR_50M_Drawing_Package/2018_Draft/TH…
  13. wiki.ubc.ca/Documentation:FIB_book/Anthropomorphic_Test_Device_(ATD)/TH…
  14. humaneticsgroup.com/products/anthropomorphic-test-devices/frontal-impac…
  15. humaneticsgroup.com/products/anthropomorphic-test-devices/frontal-impac…
  16. humaneticsgroup.com/products/anthropomorphic-test-devices/frontal-impac…
  17. humaneticsgroup.com/sites/default/files/2020-06/hybiii5-tps.pdf
  18. humaneticsgroup.com/sites/default/files/2020-06/hybiii50-tps.pdf
  19. humaneticsgroup.com/sites/default/files/2020-06/hybiii95-tps.pdf
  20. sheldonbrown.com/frame-sizing.html
  21. sheldonbrown.com/kops.html

Shimano GRX Di2 drivetrain

  1. bike-components.de/en/Shimano/GRX-Di2-FD-RX825-2-12-speed-Front-Deraill…
  2. bike.bikegremlin.com/3555/bicycle-drive-chain-dimension-standards
  3. bike.bikegremlin.com/3573/bicycle-cassette-rear-chainrings-standards
  4. bike.shimano.com/en-NZ/product/component/ep8-ep801/CN-M8100.html
  5. bikebiz.com/shimano-gravel-line-up-gets-2x12-grx-rx825-di2-components
  6. blisterreview.com/gear-reviews/drivetrain-pedals/shimano-grx-di2-12-spe…
  7. connexchain.com/en/bike-chains/detail/12s0
  8. cyclesport.com/products/grx-rd-rx827-di2-wireless-rear-derailleur
  9. dealers.bike.shimano.com/product/1770410/shimano-cycling-fc-rx820-2-grx…
  10. dealers.bike.shimano.com/product/1770426/shimano-cycling-fc-rx820-1-grx…
  11. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_chain
  12. escapecollective.com/shimano-grx-di2-rx825-2x-review
  13. evelostore.com/products/shimano-cs-hg710-hyperglide-12-speed-cassette
  14. r2-bike.com/SHIMANO-Deore-XT-Cassette-12-speed-CS-M8100-10-45-teeth
  15. r2-bike.com/SHIMANO-Deore-XT-Chain-CN-M8100-12-speed-126-links-with-Cha…
  16. r2-bike.com/SHIMANO-GRX-Di2-Rear-Derailleur-RD-RX827-SGS-1x12-speed
  17. road.cc/offroad/content/news/shimano-grx-825-di2-first-ride-review-test…
  18. shop.tunecycles.com.au/shimano-grx-di2-rd-rx825-12-speed-rear-derailleur
  19. si.shimano.com/en/pdfs/dm/GARD011/DM-GARD011-02-ENG.pdf
  20. veloplus.ee/en/shimano-aku-bt-dn300-di2-51051
  21. veloplus.ee/en/vandad-shimano-grx-fc-rx820-1-60536
  22. worldwidecyclery.com/products/shimano-grx-fd-rx825-di2-front-derailleur…
  23. bike-components.de/de/Shimano/GRX-Kurbelgarnitur-FC-RX820-2-Hollowtech-…
  24. bike-components.de/en/Shimano/Derailleur-Pulleys-for-RD-RX820-RD-RX825-…
  25. bike-components.de/en/Shimano/Di2-BT-DN300-Battery-for-Internal-Mount-p…
  26. bike-components.de/en/Shimano/GRX-FC-RX820-1-Hollowtech-II-Crankset-p90…
  27. bike-components.de/en/Shimano/GRX-FC-RX820-2-Hollowtech-II-Crankset-p90…
  28. bike-discount.de/en/shimano-xt-cs-m8100-12-speed-cassette
  29. bike-discount.de/pl/shimano-grx-bl-rx825-l-dzwignia-hamulca-lewa
  30. bikeradar.com/features/tech/hands-on-with-the-new-shimano-grx-di2-rx825…
  31. cyclist.co.uk/reviews/shimano-grx-rx825-di2-12-speed-groupset-review
  32. freewheel.co.uk/shimano-grx-rd-rx827-grx-di2-12-speed-rear-derailleur-s…
  33. halfords.com/cycling/bike-parts/gears-drivetrain-and-cables/shimano-ew-…
  34. parktool.com/en-us/blog/repair-help/chain-length-sizing
  35. performancebike.com/shimano-105-grx-cshg710-cassette-silver-12-speed-sh…
  36. rosebikes.com/p/shimano-grx-rd-rx820-12-speed-pulley-wheels-165825
  37. rosebikes.com/p/shimano-ultegra-cs-r8101-12-speed-cassette-2722030
  38. rosebikes.com/shimano-grx-di2-st-rx825-l-brakeshift-lever-combination-f…
  39. rosebikes.com/shimano-grx-rd-rx825-di2-rear-derailleur-12-speed-2726679
  40. treefortbikes.com/Shimano-GRX-RD-RX825-Di2-Rear-Derailleur-12-Speed

Emulator physics, Di2 logic, hydraulics

  1. bettershifting.com/di2-synchronized-shifting-the-complete-guide
  2. bikable.com/parts/rear-derailleurs/rear-derailleur-accessories/shimano-…
  3. bike-components.de/en/Shimano/GRX-Di2-Shadow-Plus-RD-RX825-12-speed-Rea…
  4. bike.shimano.com/en-UK/products/components/pdp.P-RD-RX825.html
  5. buycycle.com/blog/en/post/all-about-shimano-di2
  6. cdn.standards.iteh.ai/samples/23532/453a19f1116949d1932b9444b8c54516/IS…
  7. ctyeh.com/articles/656?lang=en
  8. cyclingarchives.com/shimano-105-di2-vs-sram-rival-etap-axs-best-electro…
  9. cyclingarchives.com/shimano-dura-ace-di2-vs-sram-red-axs-best-premium-g…
  10. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_performance
  11. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freehub
  12. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_resistance
  13. forum.slowtwitch.com/t/di2-12-speed-synchro-shifting-hack/827020
  14. nuxx.net/files/bicycle/sram/gen.0000000004234_rev_a_hydraulic_disc_brak…
  15. patents.google.com/patent/US8118699
  16. shop.tunecycles.com.au/shimano-dura-ace-br-r9270-rear-hydraulic-disc-br…
  17. shop.tunecycles.com.au/shimano-grx-di2-rd-rx825-rear-derailleur-12-spee…
  18. singletrackworld.com/gritcx/2024/07/shimano-grx-rx825-di2-gravel-groups…
  19. tipartstitanium.com/products/titanium-piston-for-shimano-hydraulic-disc…
  20. weightweenies.starbike.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1438980
  21. analyticcycling.com/WheelsConcept_Disc.html
  22. bicyclerollingresistance.com/cx-gravel-reviews
  23. bike-components.de/en/Shimano/GRX-Brake-Caliper-BR-RX820-w-Resin-Pads-p…
  24. competitivecyclist.com/shimano-105-cs-hg710-12-speed-cassette
  25. gribble.org/cycling/power_v_speed.html
  26. halfords.com/cycling/bike-parts/gears-drivetrain-and-cables/shimano-105…
  27. madison.co.uk/news/new-dura-ace-r9200-a-study-in-the-science-of-speed
  28. nashbar.com/shimano-deore-xt-cnm8100-12speed-chain-126-links-icnm810012…
  29. sheldonbrown.com/cribsheet-spacing.html
  30. sigmasports.com/item/Shimano/Ultegra-R8170-Disc-Brake-Caliper/17U4I

Wheels and tyres

  1. cxmagazine.com/2017-schwalbe-x-one-bite-cyclocross-tire-review
  2. bike-cafe.fr/2024/01/shimano-rx880-des-roues-gravel-en-carbone-dynamiqu…
  3. bike-components.de/en/Sapim/Polyax-Aluminium-Nipples-100-Pack-p56401
  4. bike-components.de/en/Shimano/WH-RX880-TL-Center-Lock-Disc-Carbon-28-Wh…
  5. bike.shimano.com/en-EU/product/component/grx-12-speed/WH-RX880-TL-F12-7…
  6. bike.shimano.com/en-NA/products/components/pdp.P-WH-R9270-C36-TU-R.html
  7. bikeradar.com/reviews/components/tyres/challenge-limus-tubular-mud-tire…
  8. bikerumor.com/product/zipp-303-firecrest-tubeless-disc
  9. bti-usa.com/public/item/DT4456
  10. cxmagazine.com/challenge-limus-grifo-team-edition-cotton-tubular-cycloc…
  11. cyclocross.social/2018/11/02/review-challenge-grifo-team-edition-s-33mm…
  12. cyclocross.social/2018/11/12/review-challenge-limus-team-edition-s-33mm…
  13. en.365mountainbike.it/news/shimano-rx880-carbon-gravel-wheels
  14. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presta_valve
  15. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thru_axle
  16. ridebicycles.com/collections/vendors/products/challenge-grifo-pro-tire-…
  17. robertaxleproject.com/supported-axle-technologies
  18. robertaxleproject.com/what-axle-do-i-need
  19. sapim.eu/nipples
  20. schwalbetires.com/tubeless-racing-bike-requirement
  21. sram.com/globalassets/document-hierarchy/frame-fit-specifications/zipp/…
  22. steedcycles.com/collections/hubs/products/dt-swiss-240-road-center-lock…
  23. store-eirin-jp.com/en/products/wh-r9270-c36tu
  24. store-eirin-jp.com/en/products/wh-rx880-tl-700c
  25. velodrop.com/resources/hubs/dt-swiss-road-classic-hub-dimensions
  26. vittoria.com/products/a-dugast-pipistrello-tubular
  27. vittoria.com/products/a-dugast-rhino-tubular
  28. vittoria.com/products/a-dugast-small-bird-tubular
  29. vittoria.com/products/a-dugast-typhoon-tubular
  30. vittoria.com/products/terreno-t10-hardpack-cx-endurance
  31. vittoria.com/products/terreno-t90-mud-cx-endurance
  32. bicyclerollingresistance.com/cx-gravel-reviews/challenge-grifo-pro
  33. bicyclerollingresistance.com/cx-gravel-reviews/vittoria-terreno-dry
  34. bicyclerollingresistance.com/cx-gravel-reviews/vittoria-terreno-mix
  35. bicyclerollingresistance.com/cx-gravel-reviews/vittoria-terreno-wet
  36. bike-components.de/en/DT-Swiss/240-Classic-Road-Center-Lock-Disc-Front-…
  37. bike-components.de/en/Sapim/Polyax-Brass-Nipples-Pack-of-100-p56399
  38. bike-components.de/en/Zipp/303-Firecrest-Carbon-Tubeless-Disc-Centre-Lo…
  39. bikeradar.com/news/dugast-debuts-small-bird-tubular
  40. bikeradar.com/reviews/components/tyres/challenge-chicane-tubular-cycloc…
  41. cxmagazine.com/closer-challenge-limus-cyclocross-tubular-tire-for-mud
  42. cxmagazine.com/zipp-303-firecrest-carbon-tubular-wheels-ergo-service-co…
  43. dtswiss.com/en/components/hubs-and-rws/hubs-road
  44. dtswiss.com/en/components/hubs-and-rws/hubs-road/240
  45. dtswiss.com/en/wheels/ratchet-overview
  46. excelsports.com/challenge-chicane-tubeless-gravel-tire
  47. excelsports.com/zipp-303-firecrest-carbon-tubular-disc-wheelset
  48. kunstform.org/en/sapim-cx-ray-spoke-without-nipple-p-34156
  49. mantel.com/be-en/zipp-303-tubular-disc-brake-road-bike-wheels
  50. performancebike.com/vittoria-a-dugast-rhino-tubeless-cyclocross-tire-bl…
  51. renehersecycles.com/rim-and-tire-standards
  52. rubbex.com/en-lu/schwalbe-33-622-x-one-allround-28x130-faltreifen-raceg…
  53. sheldonbrown.com/cyclecomputer-calibration.html
  54. sheldonbrown.com/k7.html
  55. sigmasports.com/products/wh-rx880-grx-carbon-rear-wheel-16n9l
  56. starbike.com/en/schwalbe-x-one-speed-performance-raceguard-tle-folding-…
  57. uci.org/regulations
  58. wheel-builder.de/en/sapim

Reference models are named for identification only. Ciklobike is not affiliated with any manufacturer and reproduces no logos.